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historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZW6_the-plain-dutch_Kutztown-PA.html
The Pa. Dutch folk-culture is divided into two distinct elements: the "Plain" Dutch, who are in the minority, are the Amish & Mennonites: the "Gay" Dutch are, for the most part, Lutheran & Reformed. The "Plain" Dutch are biblicists: they strictly…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZW5_the-moravians_Kutztown-PA.html
In 1741, the Moravians, or the Unitas Fratrum, settled in Bethlehem Pa. Other settlements were founded in Lehigh, Northampton, & Lancaster Counties. Although they immigrated [from] Germany, & settled among other Germans in Pa., they never consider…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZW4_the-mennonites_Kutztown-PA.html
The Mennonites were named for Menno Simmons, a 16th century Dutch leader. They are descendants of the 16th century religious radicals who were known as Anabaptists. They wanted to reserve the rite of baptism for those adults who had made a con[s]c…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZW3_the-candlemaker_Kutztown-PA.html
"Der licht macher" means light maker or candlemaker, who used beeswax or bayberry wax for his candles. Professional candlemakers were usually found in large towns & cities. The candlemaker hung a wick, with a small weight at the bottom from a piec…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZW2_the-bush-meeting_Kutztown-PA.html
Shortly after the American Revolution revivalism struck the American frontier & kindled a new, totally American institution, the camp meeting. Born on the Southern frontier, the camp meeting soon invaded the Pa. Dutch Country where it was known as…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZW1_thanksgiving-harvest-home_Kutztown-PA.html
New England Puritans celebrated their November Thanksgiving as a substitute for Christmas which was forbidden to them. Pa. Gay Dutch celebrated Christmas & had their own Thanksgiving called Harvest Home. A cultural conflict resulted when New Engl…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZW0_quilting-lore_Kutztown-PA.html
Prospects of marriage: after a quilt was completed at a quilting party, four unmarried girls would each take a corner of the new quilt and hold it so it sagged in the middle. A cat was put into the quilt, and then with a little jolting would run u…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZVZ_pennsylvania-half-timbering_Kutztown-PA.html
Although English villages such as Stratford-on-Avon, are the most famous examples of half-timbering, Pa. also has its share of these structures. There are two styles of Pa. half-timbering. The country-style has plastering between the exposed, "cri…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZVY_outdoor-bake-oven_Kutztown-PA.html
During the 18th century, every Pa. Dutch farmscape included an outdoor bake oven. Since Pa. Dutch farm women did not yet have woodstoves, they had to devise a way to bake. Most farm kitchens contained large open-hearth fireplaces, over which famil…
historicalmarkerproject/markers/HM1ZVX_new-years-day-lore_Kutztown-PA.html
On New Year's Day, you must say, "Happy New Year" to the flowers in your garden. If you don't, they will not bloom in the spring. To insure good luck & health all year, you should eat sauerkraut on New Year's Day. Note: To this day, roast pork, …
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