Sept. 18, 19 and 20, 1861

— Hospital Attack —

Col. James Mulligan knew that his men in the outer entrenchments were easy targets for the Southern soldiers who had scampered to the second floor and roof of the Anderson House. It was from this area that the Union counter-assault was launched Sept. 18th. Eighty Federal soldiers of the Irish Brigade charged the house, losing half their men in the process.

Col. Mulligan afterward described the action of his men, "they started at first, quick, then double quick, then on a run, then faster—still, the deadly drift of lead poured upon them, but on they went—a wild line of steel, and what is better than steel, irresistible human will."

The Federals leaped onto the back porch and dashed in through the doorway as the defending State Guardsmen fled. One Union soldier, a musician, George Palmer, led a charge up the staircase in the Anderson House shouting, "1 will lead you if you will follow me!"

A Southern soldier, W. H. Mansur, became a prisoner of the Federal soldiers. He described the action, "I turned and ran back to the upper floor. A Federal soldier came at me with his bayonet fixed. He evidently did not want to kill me. I grabbed the bayonet, but he jerked the gun away and threatened to bayonet me, then marched me down the stairs. When near the bottom?the firing squad was ready, I turned suddenly, struck his bayonet with my left hand, grabbing him at the same time, and plunged over the dead into the lower hall, than ran down the hall into a side room on the east." He was eventually led to safety by another Federal soldier.

After dislodging the Southern sharpshooters, the Union survivors were themselves surrounded and driven out with heavy causalities. George H. Palmer was later awarded the nation's highest military award, the Medal of Honor, for his gallantry on this occasion.

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